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netlink.py
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''' Netlink message generation/parsing Copyright 2007 Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net> GPLv2+; See copying for details. ''' import os import socket import struct try: # try to use python 2.5's netlink support _dummysock = socket.socket(socket.AF_NETLINK, socket.SOCK_RAW, 0) _dummysock.bind((0, 0)) del _dummysock def _nl_bind(descriptor, addr): descriptor.bind(addr) def _nl_getsockname(descriptor): return descriptor.getsockname() def _nl_send(descriptor, msg): descriptor.send(msg) def _nl_recv(descriptor, bufs=16384): return descriptor.recvfrom(bufs) except socket.error: # or fall back to the _netlink C module try: import _netlink def _nl_bind(descriptor, addr): _netlink.bind(descriptor.fileno(), addr[1]) def _nl_getsockname(descriptor): return _netlink.getsockname(descriptor.fileno()) def _nl_send(descriptor, msg): _netlink.send(descriptor.fileno(), msg) def _nl_recv(descriptor, bufs=16384): return _netlink.recvfrom(descriptor.fileno(), bufs) except ImportError: # or fall back to the ctypes module import ctypes libc = ctypes.CDLL(None) class SOCKADDR_NL(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = [("nl_family", ctypes.c_ushort), ("nl_pad", ctypes.c_ushort), ("nl_pid", ctypes.c_int), ("nl_groups", ctypes.c_int)] def _nl_bind(descriptor, addr): addr = SOCKADDR_NL(socket.AF_NETLINK, 0, os.getpid(), 0) return libc.bind(descriptor.fileno(), ctypes.pointer(addr), ctypes.sizeof(addr)) def _nl_getsockname(descriptor): addr = SOCKADDR_NL(0, 0, 0, 0) len = ctypes.c_int(ctypes.sizeof(addr)); libc.getsockname(descriptor.fileno(), ctypes.pointer(addr), ctypes.pointer(len)) return addr.nl_pid, addr.nl_groups; def _nl_send(descriptor, msg): return libc.send(descriptor.fileno(), msg, len(msg), 0); def _nl_recv(descriptor, bufs=16384): addr = SOCKADDR_NL(0, 0, 0, 0) len = ctypes.c_int(ctypes.sizeof(addr)) buf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(bufs) r = libc.recvfrom(descriptor.fileno(), buf, bufs, 0, ctypes.pointer(addr), ctypes.pointer(len)) ret = ctypes.string_at(ctypes.pointer(buf), r) return ret, (addr.nl_pid, addr.nl_groups) # flags NLM_F_REQUEST = 1 NLM_F_MULTI = 2 NLM_F_ACK = 4 NLM_F_ECHO = 8 # types NLMSG_NOOP = 1 NLMSG_ERROR = 2 NLMSG_DONE = 3 NLMSG_OVERRUN = 4 NLMSG_MIN_TYPE = 0x10 class Attr: def __init__(self, attr_type, data, *values): self.type = attr_type if len(values): self.data = struct.pack(data, *values) else: self.data = data def _dump(self): hdr = struct.pack("HH", len(self.data)+4, self.type) length = len(self.data) pad = ((length + 4 - 1) & ~3 ) - length return hdr + self.data + b'\0' * pad def __repr__(self): return '<Attr type %d, data "%s">' % (self.type, repr(self.data)) def u16(self): return struct.unpack('H', self.data)[0] def s16(self): return struct.unpack('h', self.data)[0] def u32(self): return struct.unpack('I', self.data)[0] def s32(self): return struct.unpack('i', self.data)[0] def str(self): return self.data def nulstr(self): return self.data.split('\0')[0] def nested(self): return parse_attributes(self.data) class StrAttr(Attr): def __init__(self, attr_type, data): Attr.__init__(self, attr_type, "%ds" % len(data), data.encode('utf-8')) class NulStrAttr(Attr): def __init__(self, attr_type, data): Attr.__init__(self, attr_type, "%dsB" % len(data), data.encode('utf-8'), 0) class U32Attr(Attr): def __init__(self, attr_type, val): Attr.__init__(self, attr_type, "I", val) class U8Attr(Attr): def __init__(self, attr_type, val): Attr.__init__(self, attr_type, "B", val) class Nested(Attr): def __init__(self, attr_type, attrs): self.attrs = attrs self.type = attr_type def _dump(self): contents = [] for attr in self.attrs: contents.append(attr._dump()) contents = ''.join(contents) length = len(contents) hdr = struct.pack("HH", length+4, self.type) return hdr + contents NETLINK_ROUTE = 0 NETLINK_UNUSED = 1 NETLINK_USERSOCK = 2 NETLINK_FIREWALL = 3 NETLINK_INET_DIAG = 4 NETLINK_NFLOG = 5 NETLINK_XFRM = 6 NETLINK_SELINUX = 7 NETLINK_ISCSI = 8 NETLINK_AUDIT = 9 NETLINK_FIB_LOOKUP = 10 NETLINK_CONNECTOR = 11 NETLINK_NETFILTER = 12 NETLINK_IP6_FW = 13 NETLINK_DNRTMSG = 14 NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT = 15 NETLINK_GENERIC = 16 class Message: def __init__(self, msg_type, flags=0, seq=-1, payload=None): self.type = msg_type self.flags = flags self.seq = seq self.pid = -1 payload = payload or [] if isinstance(payload, list): contents = [] for attr in payload: contents.append(attr._dump()) self.payload = b''.join(contents) else: self.payload = payload def send(self, conn): if self.seq == -1: self.seq = conn.seq() self.pid = conn.pid length = len(self.payload) hdr = struct.pack("IHHII", length + 4*4, self.type, self.flags, self.seq, self.pid) conn.send(hdr + self.payload) def __repr__(self): return '<netlink.Message type=%d, pid=%d, seq=%d, flags=0x%x "%s">' % ( self.type, self.pid, self.seq, self.flags, repr(self.payload)) class Connection: def __init__(self, nltype, groups=0, unexpected_msg_handler=None): self.descriptor = socket.socket(socket.AF_NETLINK, socket.SOCK_RAW, nltype) self.descriptor.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_SNDBUF, 65536) self.descriptor.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_RCVBUF, 65536) _nl_bind(self.descriptor, (0, groups)) self.pid, self.groups = _nl_getsockname(self.descriptor) self._seq = 0 self.unexpected = unexpected_msg_handler def send(self, msg): _nl_send(self.descriptor, msg) def recv(self): contents, (nlpid, nlgrps) = _nl_recv(self.descriptor) # XXX: python doesn't give us message flags, check # len(contents) vs. msglen for TRUNC msglen, msg_type, flags, seq, pid = struct.unpack("IHHII", contents[:16]) msg = Message(msg_type, flags, seq, contents[16:]) msg.pid = pid if msg.type == NLMSG_ERROR: errno = -struct.unpack("i", msg.payload[:4])[0] if errno != 0: err = OSError("Netlink error: %s (%d)" % ( os.strerror(errno), errno)) err.errno = errno raise err return msg def seq(self): self._seq += 1 return self._seq def parse_attributes(data): attrs = {} while len(data): attr_len, attr_type = struct.unpack("HH", data[:4]) attrs[attr_type] = Attr(attr_type, data[4:attr_len]) attr_len = ((attr_len + 4 - 1) & ~3 ) data = data[attr_len:] return attrs