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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ lockfile.py - Platform-independent advisory file locks. Requires Python 2.5 unless you apply 2.4.diff Locking is done on a per-thread basis instead of a per-process basis. Usage: >>> lock = LockFile('somefile') >>> try: ... lock.acquire() ... except AlreadyLocked: ... print 'somefile', 'is locked already.' ... except LockFailed: ... print 'somefile', 'can\\'t be locked.' ... else: ... print 'got lock' got lock >>> print lock.is_locked() True >>> lock.release() >>> lock = LockFile('somefile') >>> print lock.is_locked() False >>> with lock: ... print lock.is_locked() True >>> print lock.is_locked() False >>> lock = LockFile('somefile') >>> # It is okay to lock twice from the same thread... >>> with lock: ... lock.acquire() ... >>> # Though no counter is kept, so you can't unlock multiple times... >>> print lock.is_locked() False Exceptions: Error - base class for other exceptions LockError - base class for all locking exceptions AlreadyLocked - Another thread or process already holds the lock LockFailed - Lock failed for some other reason UnlockError - base class for all unlocking exceptions AlreadyUnlocked - File was not locked. NotMyLock - File was locked but not by the current thread/process """ from __future__ import absolute_import import functools import os import socket import threading import warnings # Work with PEP8 and non-PEP8 versions of threading module. if not hasattr(threading, "current_thread"): threading.current_thread = threading.currentThread if not hasattr(threading.Thread, "get_name"): threading.Thread.get_name = threading.Thread.getName __all__ = ['Error', 'LockError', 'LockTimeout', 'AlreadyLocked', 'LockFailed', 'UnlockError', 'NotLocked', 'NotMyLock', 'LinkFileLock', 'MkdirFileLock', 'SQLiteFileLock', 'LockBase', 'locked'] class Error(Exception): """ Base class for other exceptions. >>> try: ... raise Error ... except Exception: ... pass """ pass class LockError(Error): """ Base class for error arising from attempts to acquire the lock. >>> try: ... raise LockError ... except Error: ... pass """ pass class LockTimeout(LockError): """Raised when lock creation fails within a user-defined period of time. >>> try: ... raise LockTimeout ... except LockError: ... pass """ pass class AlreadyLocked(LockError): """Some other thread/process is locking the file. >>> try: ... raise AlreadyLocked ... except LockError: ... pass """ pass class LockFailed(LockError): """Lock file creation failed for some other reason. >>> try: ... raise LockFailed ... except LockError: ... pass """ pass class UnlockError(Error): """ Base class for errors arising from attempts to release the lock. >>> try: ... raise UnlockError ... except Error: ... pass """ pass class NotLocked(UnlockError): """Raised when an attempt is made to unlock an unlocked file. >>> try: ... raise NotLocked ... except UnlockError: ... pass """ pass class NotMyLock(UnlockError): """Raised when an attempt is made to unlock a file someone else locked. >>> try: ... raise NotMyLock ... except UnlockError: ... pass """ pass class _SharedBase(object): def __init__(self, path): self.path = path def acquire(self, timeout=None): """ Acquire the lock. * If timeout is omitted (or None), wait forever trying to lock the file. * If timeout > 0, try to acquire the lock for that many seconds. If the lock period expires and the file is still locked, raise LockTimeout. * If timeout <= 0, raise AlreadyLocked immediately if the file is already locked. """ raise NotImplemented("implement in subclass") def release(self): """ Release the lock. If the file is not locked, raise NotLocked. """ raise NotImplemented("implement in subclass") def __enter__(self): """ Context manager support. """ self.acquire() return self def __exit__(self, *_exc): """ Context manager support. """ self.release() def __repr__(self): return "<%s: %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.path) class LockBase(_SharedBase): """Base class for platform-specific lock classes.""" def __init__(self, path, threaded=True, timeout=None): """ >>> lock = LockBase('somefile') >>> lock = LockBase('somefile', threaded=False) """ super(LockBase, self).__init__(path) self.lock_file = os.path.abspath(path) + ".lock" self.hostname = socket.gethostname() self.pid = os.getpid() if threaded: t = threading.current_thread() # Thread objects in Python 2.4 and earlier do not have ident # attrs. Worm around that. ident = getattr(t, "ident", hash(t)) self.tname = "-%x" % (ident & 0xffffffff) else: self.tname = "" dirname = os.path.dirname(self.lock_file) # unique name is mostly about the current process, but must # also contain the path -- otherwise, two adjacent locked # files conflict (one file gets locked, creating lock-file and # unique file, the other one gets locked, creating lock-file # and overwriting the already existing lock-file, then one # gets unlocked, deleting both lock-file and unique file, # finally the last lock errors out upon releasing. self.unique_name = os.path.join(dirname, "%s%s.%s%s" % (self.hostname, self.tname, self.pid, hash(self.path))) self.timeout = timeout def is_locked(self): """ Tell whether or not the file is locked. """ raise NotImplemented("implement in subclass") def i_am_locking(self): """ Return True if this object is locking the file. """ raise NotImplemented("implement in subclass") def break_lock(self): """ Remove a lock. Useful if a locking thread failed to unlock. """ raise NotImplemented("implement in subclass") def __repr__(self): return "<%s: %r -- %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.unique_name, self.path) def _fl_helper(cls, mod, *args, **kwds): warnings.warn("Import from %s module instead of lockfile package" % mod, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) # This is a bit funky, but it's only for awhile. The way the unit tests # are constructed this function winds up as an unbound method, so it # actually takes three args, not two. We want to toss out self. if not isinstance(args[0], str): # We are testing, avoid the first arg args = args[1:] if len(args) == 1 and not kwds: kwds["threaded"] = True return cls(*args, **kwds) def LinkFileLock(*args, **kwds): """Factory function provided for backwards compatibility. Do not use in new code. Instead, import LinkLockFile from the lockfile.linklockfile module. """ from . import linklockfile return _fl_helper(linklockfile.LinkLockFile, "lockfile.linklockfile", *args, **kwds) def MkdirFileLock(*args, **kwds): """Factory function provided for backwards compatibility. Do not use in new code. Instead, import MkdirLockFile from the lockfile.mkdirlockfile module. """ from . import mkdirlockfile return _fl_helper(mkdirlockfile.MkdirLockFile, "lockfile.mkdirlockfile", *args, **kwds) def SQLiteFileLock(*args, **kwds): """Factory function provided for backwards compatibility. Do not use in new code. Instead, import SQLiteLockFile from the lockfile.mkdirlockfile module. """ from . import sqlitelockfile return _fl_helper(sqlitelockfile.SQLiteLockFile, "lockfile.sqlitelockfile", *args, **kwds) def locked(path, timeout=None): """Decorator which enables locks for decorated function. Arguments: - path: path for lockfile. - timeout (optional): Timeout for acquiring lock. Usage: @locked('/var/run/myname', timeout=0) def myname(...): ... """ def decor(func): @functools.wraps(func) def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): lock = FileLock(path, timeout=timeout) lock.acquire() try: return func(*args, **kwargs) finally: lock.release() return wrapper return decor if hasattr(os, "link"): from . import linklockfile as _llf LockFile = _llf.LinkLockFile else: from . import mkdirlockfile as _mlf LockFile = _mlf.MkdirLockFile FileLock = LockFile