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#ifndef RBIMPL_INTERN_PROCESS_H /*-*-C++-*-vi:se ft=cpp:*/ #define RBIMPL_INTERN_PROCESS_H /** * @file * @author Ruby developers <ruby-core@ruby-lang.org> * @copyright This file is a part of the programming language Ruby. * Permission is hereby granted, to either redistribute and/or * modify this file, provided that the conditions mentioned in the * file COPYING are met. Consult the file for details. * @warning Symbols prefixed with either `RBIMPL` or `rbimpl` are * implementation details. Don't take them as canon. They could * rapidly appear then vanish. The name (path) of this header file * is also an implementation detail. Do not expect it to persist * at the place it is now. Developers are free to move it anywhere * anytime at will. * @note To ruby-core: remember that this header can be possibly * recursively included from extension libraries written in C++. * Do not expect for instance `__VA_ARGS__` is always available. * We assume C99 for ruby itself but we don't assume languages of * extension libraries. They could be written in C++98. * @brief Public APIs related to ::rb_mProcess. */ #include "ruby/internal/attr/nonnull.h" #include "ruby/internal/attr/noreturn.h" #include "ruby/internal/config.h" /* rb_pid_t is defined here. */ #include "ruby/internal/dllexport.h" #include "ruby/internal/value.h" RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_BEGIN() /* process.c */ /** * Wait for the specified process to terminate, reap it, and return its status. * * @param[in] pid The process ID to wait for. * @param[in] flags The flags to pass to waitpid(2). * @return VALUE An instance of Process::Status. */ VALUE rb_process_status_wait(rb_pid_t pid, int flags); /** * Sets the "last status", or the `$?`. * * @param[in] status The termination status, as defined in `waitpid(3posix)`. * @param[in] pid The last child of the current process. * @post `$?` is updated. */ void rb_last_status_set(int status, rb_pid_t pid); /** * Queries the "last status", or the `$?`. * * @retval RUBY_Qnil The current thread has no dead children. * @retval otherwise An instance of Process::Status describing the status of * the child that was most recently `wait`-ed. */ VALUE rb_last_status_get(void); RBIMPL_ATTR_NONNULL(()) /** * Executes a shell command. * * @warning THIS FUNCTION RETURNS on error! * @param[in] cmd Passed to the shell. * @retval -1 Something prevented the command execution. * @post Upon successful execution this function doesn't return. * @post In case it returns the `errno` is set properly. */ int rb_proc_exec(const char *cmd); RBIMPL_ATTR_NORETURN() /** * Replaces the current process by running the given external command. This is * the implementation of `Kernel#exec`. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects in `argv`. * @param[in] argv Command and its options to execute. * @exception rb_eTypeError Invalid options e.g. non-String argv. * @exception rb_eArgError Invalid options e.g. redirection cycle. * @exception rb_eNotImpError Not implemented e.g. no `setuid(2)`. * @exception rb_eRuntimeError `Process::UID.switch` in operation. * @exception rb_eSystemCallError `execve(2)` failed. * @warning This function doesn't return. * @warning On failure it raises. On success the process is replaced. * * @internal * * @shyouhei have to say that the rdoc for `Kernel#exec` is fairly incomplete. * AFAIK this function ultimately takes the following signature: * * ```rbs * type boolx = bool | nil # != `boolish` * * type rlim_t = Integer # rlim_cur * | [ Integer, Integer ] # rlim_cur, rlim_max * * type uid_t = String # e.g. "root" * | Integer # e.g. 0 * * type gid_t = String # e.g. "wheel" * | Integer # e.g. 0 * * type fmode = String # e.g. "rb" * | Integer # e.g. O_RDONLY | O_BINARY * * type mode_t = Integer # e.g. 0644 * * type pgrp = true # Creates a dedicated pgroup * | 0 # ditto * | nil # Uses the current one * | Integer # Uses this specific pgroup * * type fd = :in # STDIN * | :out # STDOUT * | :err # STDERR * | IO # This specific IO * | Integer # A file descriptor of this # * * type src = fd | [ fd ] * type dst = :close # Intuitive * | fd # Intuitive * | String # Open a file at this path * | [ String ] # ... using O_RDONLY * | [ String, fmode ] # ... using this mode * | [ String, fmode, mode_t ] # ... with a permission * | [ :child, fd ] # fd of child side * * type redir = Hash[ src, dst ] * * # ---- * * # Key-value pair of environment variables * type envp = Hash[ String, String ] * * # Actual name (and the name passed to the subprocess if any) * type arg0 = String | [ String, String ] * * # Arbitrary string parameters * type argv = String * * # Exec options: * type argh = redir | { * chdir: String, # Working directory * close_others: boolx, # O_CLOEXEC like behaviour * gid: gid_t, # setegid(2) * pgrooup: pgrp, # setpgrp(2) * rlimit_as: rlim_t, # setrlimit(2) * rlimit_core: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_cpu: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_data: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_fsize: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_memlock: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_msgqueue: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_nice: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_nofile: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_nproc: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_rss: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_rtprio: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_rttime: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_sbsize: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_sigpending: rlim_t, # ditto * rlimit_stack: rlim_t, # ditto * uid: uid_t, # seteuid(2) * umask: mode_t, # umask(2) * unsetenv_others: boolx # Unset everything except the passed envp * } * * # ==== * * class Kernel * def self?.exec * : ( arg0 cmd, *argv args ) -> void * | ( arg0 cmd, *argv args, argh opts) -> void * | (envp env, arg0 cmd, *argv args ) -> void * | (envp env, arg0 cmd, *argv args, argh opts) -> void * end * ``` */ VALUE rb_f_exec(int argc, const VALUE *argv); /** * Waits for a process, with releasing GVL. * * @param[in] pid Process ID. * @param[out] status The wait status is filled back. * @param[in] flags Wait options. * @retval -1 System call failed, errno set. * @retval 0 WNOHANG but no waitable children. * @retval otherwise A process ID that was `wait()`-ed. * @post Upon successful return `status` is updated to have the process' * status. * @note `status` can be NULL. * @note The arguments are passed through to underlying system call(s). * Can have special meanings. For instance passing `(rb_pid_t)-1` * to `pid` means it waits for any processes, under * POSIX-compliant situations. */ rb_pid_t rb_waitpid(rb_pid_t pid, int *status, int flags); /** * This is a shorthand of rb_waitpid without status and flags. It has been * like this since the very beginning. The initial revision already did the * same thing. Not sure why, then, it has been named `syswait`. AFAIK this is * different from how `wait(3posix)` works. * * @param[in] pid Passed to rb_waitpid(). */ void rb_syswait(rb_pid_t pid); /** * Identical to rb_f_exec(), except it spawns a child process instead of * replacing the current one. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects in `argv`. * @param[in] argv Command and its options to execute. * @exception rb_eTypeError Invalid options e.g. non-String argv. * @exception rb_eArgError Invalid options e.g. redirection cycle. * @exception rb_eNotImpError Not implemented e.g. no `setuid(2)`. * @exception rb_eRuntimeError `Process::UID.switch` in operation. * @retval -1 Child process died for some reason. * @retval otherwise The ID of the born child. * * @internal * * This is _really_ identical to rb_f_exec() until ultimately calling the * system call. Almost everything are shared among these two (and * rb_f_system()). */ rb_pid_t rb_spawn(int argc, const VALUE *argv); /** * Identical to rb_spawn(), except you can additionally know the detailed * situation in case of abnormal parturitions. * * @param[in] argc Number of objects in `argv`. * @param[in] argv Command and its options to execute. * @param[out] errbuf Error description write-back buffer. * @param[in] buflen Number of bytes of `errbuf`, including NUL. * @exception rb_eTypeError Invalid options e.g. non-String argv. * @exception rb_eArgError Invalid options e.g. redirection cycle. * @exception rb_eNotImpError Not implemented e.g. no `setuid(2)`. * @exception rb_eRuntimeError `Process::UID.switch` in operation. * @retval -1 Child process died for some reason. * @retval otherwise The ID of the born child. * @post In case of `-1`, at most `buflen` bytes of the reason why is * written back to `errbuf`. */ rb_pid_t rb_spawn_err(int argc, const VALUE *argv, char *errbuf, size_t buflen); /** * Gathers info about resources consumed by the current process. * * @param[in] _ Not used. Pass anything. * @return An instance of `Process::Tms`. * * @internal * * This function might or might not exist depending on `./configure` result. * It must be a portability hell. Better not use. */ VALUE rb_proc_times(VALUE _); /** * "Detaches" a subprocess. In POSIX systems every child processes that a * process creates must be `wait(2)`-ed. A child process that died yet has not * been waited so far is called a "zombie", which more or less consumes * resources. This function automates reclamation of such processes. Once * after this function successfully returns you can basically forget about the * child process. * * @param[in] pid Process to wait. * @return An instance of ::rb_cThread which is `waitpid(2)`-ing `pid`. * @post You can just forget about the return value. GC reclaims it. * @post You can know the exit status by querying `#value` of the * return value (which is a blocking operation). */ VALUE rb_detach_process(rb_pid_t pid); RBIMPL_SYMBOL_EXPORT_END() #endif /* RBIMPL_INTERN_PROCESS_H */