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import errno import json import operator import os import shutil import site from optparse import SUPPRESS_HELP, Values from typing import List, Optional from pip._vendor.rich import print_json from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions from pip._internal.cli.cmdoptions import make_target_python from pip._internal.cli.req_command import ( RequirementCommand, warn_if_run_as_root, with_cleanup, ) from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, InstallationError from pip._internal.locations import get_scheme from pip._internal.metadata import get_environment from pip._internal.models.installation_report import InstallationReport from pip._internal.operations.build.build_tracker import get_build_tracker from pip._internal.operations.check import ConflictDetails, check_install_conflicts from pip._internal.req import install_given_reqs from pip._internal.req.req_install import ( InstallRequirement, check_legacy_setup_py_options, ) from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import test_writable_dir from pip._internal.utils.logging import getLogger from pip._internal.utils.misc import ( check_externally_managed, ensure_dir, get_pip_version, protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows, write_output, ) from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import ( running_under_virtualenv, virtualenv_no_global, ) from pip._internal.wheel_builder import build, should_build_for_install_command logger = getLogger(__name__) class InstallCommand(RequirementCommand): """ Install packages from: - PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers. - VCS project urls. - Local project directories. - Local or remote source archives. pip also supports installing from "requirements files", which provide an easy way to specify a whole environment to be installed. """ usage = """ %prog [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ... %prog [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ... %prog [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ... %prog [options] [-e] <local project path> ... %prog [options] <archive url/path> ...""" def add_options(self) -> None: self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.editable()) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--dry-run", action="store_true", dest="dry_run", default=False, help=( "Don't actually install anything, just print what would be. " "Can be used in combination with --ignore-installed " "to 'resolve' the requirements." ), ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "-t", "--target", dest="target_dir", metavar="dir", default=None, help=( "Install packages into <dir>. " "By default this will not replace existing files/folders in " "<dir>. Use --upgrade to replace existing packages in <dir> " "with new versions." ), ) cmdoptions.add_target_python_options(self.cmd_opts) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--user", dest="use_user_site", action="store_true", help=( "Install to the Python user install directory for your " "platform. Typically ~/.local/, or %APPDATA%\\Python on " "Windows. (See the Python documentation for site.USER_BASE " "for full details.)" ), ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--no-user", dest="use_user_site", action="store_false", help=SUPPRESS_HELP, ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--root", dest="root_path", metavar="dir", default=None, help="Install everything relative to this alternate root directory.", ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--prefix", dest="prefix_path", metavar="dir", default=None, help=( "Installation prefix where lib, bin and other top-level " "folders are placed. Note that the resulting installation may " "contain scripts and other resources which reference the " "Python interpreter of pip, and not that of ``--prefix``. " "See also the ``--python`` option if the intention is to " "install packages into another (possibly pip-free) " "environment." ), ) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src()) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "-U", "--upgrade", dest="upgrade", action="store_true", help=( "Upgrade all specified packages to the newest available " "version. The handling of dependencies depends on the " "upgrade-strategy used." ), ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--upgrade-strategy", dest="upgrade_strategy", default="only-if-needed", choices=["only-if-needed", "eager"], help=( "Determines how dependency upgrading should be handled " "[default: %default]. " '"eager" - dependencies are upgraded regardless of ' "whether the currently installed version satisfies the " "requirements of the upgraded package(s). " '"only-if-needed" - are upgraded only when they do not ' "satisfy the requirements of the upgraded package(s)." ), ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--force-reinstall", dest="force_reinstall", action="store_true", help="Reinstall all packages even if they are already up-to-date.", ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "-I", "--ignore-installed", dest="ignore_installed", action="store_true", help=( "Ignore the installed packages, overwriting them. " "This can break your system if the existing package " "is of a different version or was installed " "with a different package manager!" ), ) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.use_pep517()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_use_pep517()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.check_build_deps()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.override_externally_managed()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.config_settings()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options()) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--compile", action="store_true", dest="compile", default=True, help="Compile Python source files to bytecode", ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--no-compile", action="store_false", dest="compile", help="Do not compile Python source files to bytecode", ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--no-warn-script-location", action="store_false", dest="warn_script_location", default=True, help="Do not warn when installing scripts outside PATH", ) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--no-warn-conflicts", action="store_false", dest="warn_about_conflicts", default=True, help="Do not warn about broken dependencies", ) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar()) self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.root_user_action()) index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group( cmdoptions.index_group, self.parser, ) self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts) self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts) self.cmd_opts.add_option( "--report", dest="json_report_file", metavar="file", default=None, help=( "Generate a JSON file describing what pip did to install " "the provided requirements. " "Can be used in combination with --dry-run and --ignore-installed " "to 'resolve' the requirements. " "When - is used as file name it writes to stdout. " "When writing to stdout, please combine with the --quiet option " "to avoid mixing pip logging output with JSON output." ), ) @with_cleanup def run(self, options: Values, args: List[str]) -> int: if options.use_user_site and options.target_dir is not None: raise CommandError("Can not combine '--user' and '--target'") # Check whether the environment we're installing into is externally # managed, as specified in PEP 668. Specifying --root, --target, or # --prefix disables the check, since there's no reliable way to locate # the EXTERNALLY-MANAGED file for those cases. An exception is also # made specifically for "--dry-run --report" for convenience. installing_into_current_environment = ( not (options.dry_run and options.json_report_file) and options.root_path is None and options.target_dir is None and options.prefix_path is None ) if ( installing_into_current_environment and not options.override_externally_managed ): check_externally_managed() upgrade_strategy = "to-satisfy-only" if options.upgrade: upgrade_strategy = options.upgrade_strategy cmdoptions.check_dist_restriction(options, check_target=True) logger.verbose("Using %s", get_pip_version()) options.use_user_site = decide_user_install( options.use_user_site, prefix_path=options.prefix_path, target_dir=options.target_dir, root_path=options.root_path, isolated_mode=options.isolated_mode, ) target_temp_dir: Optional[TempDirectory] = None target_temp_dir_path: Optional[str] = None if options.target_dir: options.ignore_installed = True options.target_dir = os.path.abspath(options.target_dir) if ( # fmt: off os.path.exists(options.target_dir) and not os.path.isdir(options.target_dir) # fmt: on ): raise CommandError( "Target path exists but is not a directory, will not continue." ) # Create a target directory for using with the target option target_temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="target") target_temp_dir_path = target_temp_dir.path self.enter_context(target_temp_dir) global_options = options.global_options or [] session = self.get_default_session(options) target_python = make_target_python(options) finder = self._build_package_finder( options=options, session=session, target_python=target_python, ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python, ) build_tracker = self.enter_context(get_build_tracker()) directory = TempDirectory( delete=not options.no_clean, kind="install", globally_managed=True, ) try: reqs = self.get_requirements(args, options, finder, session) check_legacy_setup_py_options(options, reqs) wheel_cache = WheelCache(options.cache_dir) # Only when installing is it permitted to use PEP 660. # In other circumstances (pip wheel, pip download) we generate # regular (i.e. non editable) metadata and wheels. for req in reqs: req.permit_editable_wheels = True preparer = self.make_requirement_preparer( temp_build_dir=directory, options=options, build_tracker=build_tracker, session=session, finder=finder, use_user_site=options.use_user_site, verbosity=self.verbosity, ) resolver = self.make_resolver( preparer=preparer, finder=finder, options=options, wheel_cache=wheel_cache, use_user_site=options.use_user_site, ignore_installed=options.ignore_installed, ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python, force_reinstall=options.force_reinstall, upgrade_strategy=upgrade_strategy, use_pep517=options.use_pep517, ) self.trace_basic_info(finder) requirement_set = resolver.resolve( reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir ) if options.json_report_file: report = InstallationReport(requirement_set.requirements_to_install) if options.json_report_file == "-": print_json(data=report.to_dict()) else: with open(options.json_report_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f: json.dump(report.to_dict(), f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False) if options.dry_run: # In non dry-run mode, the legacy versions and specifiers check # will be done as part of conflict detection. requirement_set.warn_legacy_versions_and_specifiers() would_install_items = sorted( (r.metadata["name"], r.metadata["version"]) for r in requirement_set.requirements_to_install ) if would_install_items: write_output( "Would install %s", " ".join("-".join(item) for item in would_install_items), ) return SUCCESS try: pip_req = requirement_set.get_requirement("pip") except KeyError: modifying_pip = False else: # If we're not replacing an already installed pip, # we're not modifying it. modifying_pip = pip_req.satisfied_by is None protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(modifying_pip=modifying_pip) reqs_to_build = [ r for r in requirement_set.requirements.values() if should_build_for_install_command(r) ] _, build_failures = build( reqs_to_build, wheel_cache=wheel_cache, verify=True, build_options=[], global_options=global_options, ) if build_failures: raise InstallationError( "Could not build wheels for {}, which is required to " "install pyproject.toml-based projects".format( ", ".join(r.name for r in build_failures) # type: ignore ) ) to_install = resolver.get_installation_order(requirement_set) # Check for conflicts in the package set we're installing. conflicts: Optional[ConflictDetails] = None should_warn_about_conflicts = ( not options.ignore_dependencies and options.warn_about_conflicts ) if should_warn_about_conflicts: conflicts = self._determine_conflicts(to_install) # Don't warn about script install locations if # --target or --prefix has been specified warn_script_location = options.warn_script_location if options.target_dir or options.prefix_path: warn_script_location = False installed = install_given_reqs( to_install, global_options, root=options.root_path, home=target_temp_dir_path, prefix=options.prefix_path, warn_script_location=warn_script_location, use_user_site=options.use_user_site, pycompile=options.compile, ) lib_locations = get_lib_location_guesses( user=options.use_user_site, home=target_temp_dir_path, root=options.root_path, prefix=options.prefix_path, isolated=options.isolated_mode, ) env = get_environment(lib_locations) installed.sort(key=operator.attrgetter("name")) items = [] for result in installed: item = result.name try: installed_dist = env.get_distribution(item) if installed_dist is not None: item = f"{item}-{installed_dist.version}" except Exception: pass items.append(item) if conflicts is not None: self._warn_about_conflicts( conflicts, resolver_variant=self.determine_resolver_variant(options), ) installed_desc = " ".join(items) if installed_desc: write_output( "Successfully installed %s", installed_desc, ) except OSError as error: show_traceback = self.verbosity >= 1 message = create_os_error_message( error, show_traceback, options.use_user_site, ) logger.error(message, exc_info=show_traceback) return ERROR if options.target_dir: assert target_temp_dir self._handle_target_dir( options.target_dir, target_temp_dir, options.upgrade ) if options.root_user_action == "warn": warn_if_run_as_root() return SUCCESS def _handle_target_dir( self, target_dir: str, target_temp_dir: TempDirectory, upgrade: bool ) -> None: ensure_dir(target_dir) # Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed # packages to be moved to target directory lib_dir_list = [] # Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed # packages to be moved to target directory scheme = get_scheme("", home=target_temp_dir.path) purelib_dir = scheme.purelib platlib_dir = scheme.platlib data_dir = scheme.data if os.path.exists(purelib_dir): lib_dir_list.append(purelib_dir) if os.path.exists(platlib_dir) and platlib_dir != purelib_dir: lib_dir_list.append(platlib_dir) if os.path.exists(data_dir): lib_dir_list.append(data_dir) for lib_dir in lib_dir_list: for item in os.listdir(lib_dir): if lib_dir == data_dir: ddir = os.path.join(data_dir, item) if any(s.startswith(ddir) for s in lib_dir_list[:-1]): continue target_item_dir = os.path.join(target_dir, item) if os.path.exists(target_item_dir): if not upgrade: logger.warning( "Target directory %s already exists. Specify " "--upgrade to force replacement.", target_item_dir, ) continue if os.path.islink(target_item_dir): logger.warning( "Target directory %s already exists and is " "a link. pip will not automatically replace " "links, please remove if replacement is " "desired.", target_item_dir, ) continue if os.path.isdir(target_item_dir): shutil.rmtree(target_item_dir) else: os.remove(target_item_dir) shutil.move(os.path.join(lib_dir, item), target_item_dir) def _determine_conflicts( self, to_install: List[InstallRequirement] ) -> Optional[ConflictDetails]: try: return check_install_conflicts(to_install) except Exception: logger.exception( "Error while checking for conflicts. Please file an issue on " "pip's issue tracker: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/new" ) return None def _warn_about_conflicts( self, conflict_details: ConflictDetails, resolver_variant: str ) -> None: package_set, (missing, conflicting) = conflict_details if not missing and not conflicting: return parts: List[str] = [] if resolver_variant == "legacy": parts.append( "pip's legacy dependency resolver does not consider dependency " "conflicts when selecting packages. This behaviour is the " "source of the following dependency conflicts." ) else: assert resolver_variant == "resolvelib" parts.append( "pip's dependency resolver does not currently take into account " "all the packages that are installed. This behaviour is the " "source of the following dependency conflicts." ) # NOTE: There is some duplication here, with commands/check.py for project_name in missing: version = package_set[project_name][0] for dependency in missing[project_name]: message = ( "{name} {version} requires {requirement}, " "which is not installed." ).format( name=project_name, version=version, requirement=dependency[1], ) parts.append(message) for project_name in conflicting: version = package_set[project_name][0] for dep_name, dep_version, req in conflicting[project_name]: message = ( "{name} {version} requires {requirement}, but {you} have " "{dep_name} {dep_version} which is incompatible." ).format( name=project_name, version=version, requirement=req, dep_name=dep_name, dep_version=dep_version, you=("you" if resolver_variant == "resolvelib" else "you'll"), ) parts.append(message) logger.critical("\n".join(parts)) def get_lib_location_guesses( user: bool = False, home: Optional[str] = None, root: Optional[str] = None, isolated: bool = False, prefix: Optional[str] = None, ) -> List[str]: scheme = get_scheme( "", user=user, home=home, root=root, isolated=isolated, prefix=prefix, ) return [scheme.purelib, scheme.platlib] def site_packages_writable(root: Optional[str], isolated: bool) -> bool: return all( test_writable_dir(d) for d in set(get_lib_location_guesses(root=root, isolated=isolated)) ) def decide_user_install( use_user_site: Optional[bool], prefix_path: Optional[str] = None, target_dir: Optional[str] = None, root_path: Optional[str] = None, isolated_mode: bool = False, ) -> bool: """Determine whether to do a user install based on the input options. If use_user_site is False, no additional checks are done. If use_user_site is True, it is checked for compatibility with other options. If use_user_site is None, the default behaviour depends on the environment, which is provided by the other arguments. """ # In some cases (config from tox), use_user_site can be set to an integer # rather than a bool, which 'use_user_site is False' wouldn't catch. if (use_user_site is not None) and (not use_user_site): logger.debug("Non-user install by explicit request") return False if use_user_site: if prefix_path: raise CommandError( "Can not combine '--user' and '--prefix' as they imply " "different installation locations" ) if virtualenv_no_global(): raise InstallationError( "Can not perform a '--user' install. User site-packages " "are not visible in this virtualenv." ) logger.debug("User install by explicit request") return True # If we are here, user installs have not been explicitly requested/avoided assert use_user_site is None # user install incompatible with --prefix/--target if prefix_path or target_dir: logger.debug("Non-user install due to --prefix or --target option") return False # If user installs are not enabled, choose a non-user install if not site.ENABLE_USER_SITE: logger.debug("Non-user install because user site-packages disabled") return False # If we have permission for a non-user install, do that, # otherwise do a user install. if site_packages_writable(root=root_path, isolated=isolated_mode): logger.debug("Non-user install because site-packages writeable") return False logger.info( "Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages " "is not writeable" ) return True def create_os_error_message( error: OSError, show_traceback: bool, using_user_site: bool ) -> str: """Format an error message for an OSError It may occur anytime during the execution of the install command. """ parts = [] # Mention the error if we are not going to show a traceback parts.append("Could not install packages due to an OSError") if not show_traceback: parts.append(": ") parts.append(str(error)) else: parts.append(".") # Spilt the error indication from a helper message (if any) parts[-1] += "\n" # Suggest useful actions to the user: # (1) using user site-packages or (2) verifying the permissions if error.errno == errno.EACCES: user_option_part = "Consider using the `--user` option" permissions_part = "Check the permissions" if not running_under_virtualenv() and not using_user_site: parts.extend( [ user_option_part, " or ", permissions_part.lower(), ] ) else: parts.append(permissions_part) parts.append(".\n") # Suggest the user to enable Long Paths if path length is # more than 260 if ( WINDOWS and error.errno == errno.ENOENT and error.filename and len(error.filename) > 260 ): parts.append( "HINT: This error might have occurred since " "this system does not have Windows Long Path " "support enabled. You can find information on " "how to enable this at " "https://pip.pypa.io/warnings/enable-long-paths\n" ) return "".join(parts).strip() + "\n"