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declarative_config.rst
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.. _declarative config: ----------------------------------------- Configuring setup() using setup.cfg files ----------------------------------------- .. note:: New in 30.3.0 (8 Dec 2016). .. important:: If compatibility with legacy builds (i.e. those not using the :pep:`517` build API) is desired, a ``setup.py`` file containing a ``setup()`` function call is still required even if your configuration resides in ``setup.cfg``. ``Setuptools`` allows using configuration files (usually :file:`setup.cfg`) to define a package’s metadata and other options that are normally supplied to the ``setup()`` function (declarative config). This approach not only allows automation scenarios but also reduces boilerplate code in some cases. .. _example-setup-config: .. code-block:: ini [metadata] name = my_package version = attr: src.VERSION description = My package description long_description = file: README.rst, CHANGELOG.rst, LICENSE.rst keywords = one, two license = BSD 3-Clause License classifiers = Framework :: Django License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License Programming Language :: Python :: 3 Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5 [options] zip_safe = False include_package_data = True packages = find: scripts = bin/first.py bin/second.py install_requires = requests importlib; python_version == "2.6" [options.package_data] * = *.txt, *.rst hello = *.msg [options.entry_points] console_scripts = executable-name = package.module:function [options.extras_require] pdf = ReportLab>=1.2; RXP rest = docutils>=0.3; pack ==1.1, ==1.3 [options.packages.find] exclude = src.subpackage1 src.subpackage2 [options.data_files] /etc/my_package = site.d/00_default.conf host.d/00_default.conf data = data/img/logo.png, data/svg/icon.svg fonts = data/fonts/*.ttf, data/fonts/*.otf Metadata and options are set in the config sections of the same name. * Keys are the same as the keyword arguments one provides to the ``setup()`` function. * Complex values can be written comma-separated or placed one per line in *dangling* config values. The following are equivalent: .. code-block:: ini [metadata] keywords = one, two [metadata] keywords = one two * In some cases, complex values can be provided in dedicated subsections for clarity. * Some keys allow ``file:``, ``attr:``, ``find:``, and ``find_namespace:`` directives in order to cover common usecases. * Unknown keys are ignored. Using a ``src/`` layout ======================= One commonly used package configuration has all the module source code in a subdirectory (often called the ``src/`` layout), like this:: ├── src │ └── mypackage │ ├── __init__.py │ └── mod1.py ├── setup.py └── setup.cfg You can set up your ``setup.cfg`` to automatically find all your packages in the subdirectory like this: .. code-block:: ini # This example contains just the necessary options for a src-layout, set up # the rest of the file as described above. [options] package_dir= =src packages=find: [options.packages.find] where=src Specifying values ================= Some values are treated as simple strings, some allow more logic. Type names used below: * ``str`` - simple string * ``list-comma`` - dangling list or string of comma-separated values * ``list-semi`` - dangling list or string of semicolon-separated values * ``bool`` - ``True`` is 1, yes, true * ``dict`` - list-comma where keys are separated from values by ``=`` * ``section`` - values are read from a dedicated (sub)section Special directives: * ``attr:`` - Value is read from a module attribute. ``attr:`` supports callables and iterables; unsupported types are cast using ``str()``. In order to support the common case of a literal value assigned to a variable in a module containing (directly or indirectly) third-party imports, ``attr:`` first tries to read the value from the module by examining the module's AST. If that fails, ``attr:`` falls back to importing the module. * ``file:`` - Value is read from a list of files and then concatenated .. note:: The ``file:`` directive is sandboxed and won't reach anything outside the directory containing ``setup.py``. Metadata -------- .. note:: The aliases given below are supported for compatibility reasons, but their use is not advised. ============================== ================= ================= =============== ========== Key Aliases Type Minimum Version Notes ============================== ================= ================= =============== ========== name str version attr:, file:, str 39.2.0 [#meta-1]_ url home-page str download_url download-url str project_urls dict 38.3.0 author str author_email author-email str maintainer str maintainer_email maintainer-email str classifiers classifier file:, list-comma license str license_files license_file list-comma 42.0.0 description summary file:, str long_description long-description file:, str long_description_content_type str 38.6.0 keywords list-comma platforms platform list-comma provides list-comma requires list-comma obsoletes list-comma ============================== ================= ================= =============== ========== **Notes**: .. [#meta-1] The ``version`` file attribute has only been supported since 39.2.0. A version loaded using the ``file:`` directive must comply with PEP 440. It is easy to accidentally put something other than a valid version string in such a file, so validation is stricter in this case. Options ------- ======================= =================================== =============== ========= Key Type Minimum Version Notes ======================= =================================== =============== ========= zip_safe bool setup_requires list-semi 36.7.0 install_requires list-semi extras_require section [#opt-2]_ python_requires str 34.4.0 entry_points file:, section 51.0.0 scripts list-comma eager_resources list-comma dependency_links list-comma tests_require list-semi include_package_data bool packages find:, find_namespace:, list-comma [#opt-3]_ package_dir dict package_data section [#opt-1]_ exclude_package_data section namespace_packages list-comma py_modules list-comma 34.4.0 data_files dict 40.6.0 ======================= =================================== =============== ========= **Notes**: .. [#opt-1] In the ``package_data`` section, a key named with a single asterisk (``*``) refers to all packages, in lieu of the empty string used in ``setup.py``. .. [#opt-2] In the ``extras_require`` section, values are parsed as ``list-semi``. This implies that in order to include markers, they **must** be *dangling*: .. code-block:: ini [options.extras_require] rest = docutils>=0.3; pack ==1.1, ==1.3 pdf = ReportLab>=1.2 RXP importlib-metadata; python_version < "3.8" .. [#opt-3] The ``find:`` and ``find_namespace:`` directive can be further configured in a dedicated subsection ``options.packages.find``. This subsection accepts the same keys as the ``setuptools.find_packages`` and the ``setuptools.find_namespace_packages`` function: ``where``, ``include``, and ``exclude``. The ``find_namespace:`` directive is supported since Python >=3.3. Compatibility with other tools ============================== Historically, several tools explored declarative package configuration in parallel. And several of them chose to place the packaging configuration within the project's :file:`setup.cfg` file. One of the first was ``distutils2``, which development has stopped in 2013. Other include ``pbr`` which is still under active development or ``d2to1``, which was a plug-in that backports declarative configuration to ``distutils``, but has had no release since Oct. 2015. As a way to harmonize packaging tools, ``setuptools``, having held the position of *de facto* standard, has gradually integrated those features as part of its core features. Still this has lead to some confusion and feature incompatibilities: - some tools support features others don't; - some have similar features but the declarative syntax differs; The table below tries to summarize the differences. But, please, refer to each tool documentation for up-to-date information. =========================== ========== ========== ===== === feature setuptools distutils2 d2to1 pbr =========================== ========== ========== ===== === [metadata] description-file S Y Y Y [files] S Y Y Y entry_points Y Y Y S [backwards_compat] N Y Y Y =========================== ========== ========== ===== === Y: supported, N: unsupported, S: syntax differs (see :ref:`above example<example-setup-config>`). Also note that some features were only recently added to ``setuptools``. Please refer to the previous sections to find out when.