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Filename : ip.js
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'use strict';

var ip = exports;
var Buffer = require('buffer').Buffer;
var os = require('os');

ip.toBuffer = function(ip, buff, offset) {
  offset = ~~offset;

  var result;

  if (this.isV4Format(ip)) {
    result = buff || new Buffer(offset + 4);
    ip.split(/\./g).map(function(byte) {
      result[offset++] = parseInt(byte, 10) & 0xff;
    });
  } else if (this.isV6Format(ip)) {
    var sections = ip.split(':', 8);

    var i;
    for (i = 0; i < sections.length; i++) {
      var isv4 = this.isV4Format(sections[i]);
      var v4Buffer;

      if (isv4) {
        v4Buffer = this.toBuffer(sections[i]);
        sections[i] = v4Buffer.slice(0, 2).toString('hex');
      }

      if (v4Buffer && ++i < 8) {
        sections.splice(i, 0, v4Buffer.slice(2, 4).toString('hex'));
      }
    }

    if (sections[0] === '') {
      while (sections.length < 8) sections.unshift('0');
    } else if (sections[sections.length - 1] === '') {
      while (sections.length < 8) sections.push('0');
    } else if (sections.length < 8) {
      for (i = 0; i < sections.length && sections[i] !== ''; i++);
      var argv = [ i, 1 ];
      for (i = 9 - sections.length; i > 0; i--) {
        argv.push('0');
      }
      sections.splice.apply(sections, argv);
    }

    result = buff || new Buffer(offset + 16);
    for (i = 0; i < sections.length; i++) {
      var word = parseInt(sections[i], 16);
      result[offset++] = (word >> 8) & 0xff;
      result[offset++] = word & 0xff;
    }
  }

  if (!result) {
    throw Error('Invalid ip address: ' + ip);
  }

  return result;
};

ip.toString = function(buff, offset, length) {
  offset = ~~offset;
  length = length || (buff.length - offset);

  var result = [];
  if (length === 4) {
    // IPv4
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      result.push(buff[offset + i]);
    }
    result = result.join('.');
  } else if (length === 16) {
    // IPv6
    for (var i = 0; i < length; i += 2) {
      result.push(buff.readUInt16BE(offset + i).toString(16));
    }
    result = result.join(':');
    result = result.replace(/(^|:)0(:0)*:0(:|$)/, '$1::$3');
    result = result.replace(/:{3,4}/, '::');
  }

  return result;
};

var ipv4Regex = /^(\d{1,3}\.){3,3}\d{1,3}$/;
var ipv6Regex =
    /^(::)?(((\d{1,3}\.){3}(\d{1,3}){1})?([0-9a-f]){0,4}:{0,2}){1,8}(::)?$/i;

ip.isV4Format = function(ip) {
  return ipv4Regex.test(ip);
};

ip.isV6Format = function(ip) {
  return ipv6Regex.test(ip);
};
function _normalizeFamily(family) {
  return family ? family.toLowerCase() : 'ipv4';
}

ip.fromPrefixLen = function(prefixlen, family) {
  if (prefixlen > 32) {
    family = 'ipv6';
  } else {
    family = _normalizeFamily(family);
  }

  var len = 4;
  if (family === 'ipv6') {
    len = 16;
  }
  var buff = new Buffer(len);

  for (var i = 0, n = buff.length; i < n; ++i) {
    var bits = 8;
    if (prefixlen < 8) {
      bits = prefixlen;
    }
    prefixlen -= bits;

    buff[i] = ~(0xff >> bits) & 0xff;
  }

  return ip.toString(buff);
};

ip.mask = function(addr, mask) {
  addr = ip.toBuffer(addr);
  mask = ip.toBuffer(mask);

  var result = new Buffer(Math.max(addr.length, mask.length));

  var i = 0;
  // Same protocol - do bitwise and
  if (addr.length === mask.length) {
    for (i = 0; i < addr.length; i++) {
      result[i] = addr[i] & mask[i];
    }
  } else if (mask.length === 4) {
    // IPv6 address and IPv4 mask
    // (Mask low bits)
    for (i = 0; i < mask.length; i++) {
      result[i] = addr[addr.length - 4  + i] & mask[i];
    }
  } else {
    // IPv6 mask and IPv4 addr
    for (var i = 0; i < result.length - 6; i++) {
      result[i] = 0;
    }

    // ::ffff:ipv4
    result[10] = 0xff;
    result[11] = 0xff;
    for (i = 0; i < addr.length; i++) {
      result[i + 12] = addr[i] & mask[i + 12];
    }
    i = i + 12;
  }
  for (; i < result.length; i++)
    result[i] = 0;

  return ip.toString(result);
};

ip.cidr = function(cidrString) {
  var cidrParts = cidrString.split('/');

  var addr = cidrParts[0];
  if (cidrParts.length !== 2)
    throw new Error('invalid CIDR subnet: ' + addr);

  var mask = ip.fromPrefixLen(parseInt(cidrParts[1], 10));

  return ip.mask(addr, mask);
};

ip.subnet = function(addr, mask) {
  var networkAddress = ip.toLong(ip.mask(addr, mask));

  // Calculate the mask's length.
  var maskBuffer = ip.toBuffer(mask);
  var maskLength = 0;

  for (var i = 0; i < maskBuffer.length; i++) {
    if (maskBuffer[i] === 0xff) {
      maskLength += 8;
    } else {
      var octet = maskBuffer[i] & 0xff;
      while (octet) {
        octet = (octet << 1) & 0xff;
        maskLength++;
      }
    }
  }

  var numberOfAddresses = Math.pow(2, 32 - maskLength);

  return {
    networkAddress: ip.fromLong(networkAddress),
    firstAddress: numberOfAddresses <= 2 ?
                    ip.fromLong(networkAddress) :
                    ip.fromLong(networkAddress + 1),
    lastAddress: numberOfAddresses <= 2 ?
                    ip.fromLong(networkAddress + numberOfAddresses - 1) :
                    ip.fromLong(networkAddress + numberOfAddresses - 2),
    broadcastAddress: ip.fromLong(networkAddress + numberOfAddresses - 1),
    subnetMask: mask,
    subnetMaskLength: maskLength,
    numHosts: numberOfAddresses <= 2 ?
                numberOfAddresses : numberOfAddresses - 2,
    length: numberOfAddresses,
    contains: function(other) {
      return networkAddress === ip.toLong(ip.mask(other, mask));
    }
  };
};

ip.cidrSubnet = function(cidrString) {
  var cidrParts = cidrString.split('/');

  var addr = cidrParts[0];
  if (cidrParts.length !== 2)
    throw new Error('invalid CIDR subnet: ' + addr);

  var mask = ip.fromPrefixLen(parseInt(cidrParts[1], 10));

  return ip.subnet(addr, mask);
};

ip.not = function(addr) {
  var buff = ip.toBuffer(addr);
  for (var i = 0; i < buff.length; i++) {
    buff[i] = 0xff ^ buff[i];
  }
  return ip.toString(buff);
};

ip.or = function(a, b) {
  a = ip.toBuffer(a);
  b = ip.toBuffer(b);

  // same protocol
  if (a.length === b.length) {
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) {
      a[i] |= b[i];
    }
    return ip.toString(a);

  // mixed protocols
  } else {
    var buff = a;
    var other = b;
    if (b.length > a.length) {
      buff = b;
      other = a;
    }

    var offset = buff.length - other.length;
    for (var i = offset; i < buff.length; ++i) {
      buff[i] |= other[i - offset];
    }

    return ip.toString(buff);
  }
};

ip.isEqual = function(a, b) {
  a = ip.toBuffer(a);
  b = ip.toBuffer(b);

  // Same protocol
  if (a.length === b.length) {
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
      if (a[i] !== b[i]) return false;
    }
    return true;
  }

  // Swap
  if (b.length === 4) {
    var t = b;
    b = a;
    a = t;
  }

  // a - IPv4, b - IPv6
  for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    if (b[i] !== 0) return false;
  }

  var word = b.readUInt16BE(10);
  if (word !== 0 && word !== 0xffff) return false;

  for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    if (a[i] !== b[i + 12]) return false;
  }

  return true;
};

ip.isPrivate = function(addr) {
  return /^(::f{4}:)?10\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})$/i
      .test(addr) ||
    /^(::f{4}:)?192\.168\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})$/i.test(addr) ||
    /^(::f{4}:)?172\.(1[6-9]|2\d|30|31)\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})$/i
      .test(addr) ||
    /^(::f{4}:)?127\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})$/i.test(addr) ||
    /^(::f{4}:)?169\.254\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})$/i.test(addr) ||
    /^f[cd][0-9a-f]{2}:/i.test(addr) ||
    /^fe80:/i.test(addr) ||
    /^::1$/.test(addr) ||
    /^::$/.test(addr);
};

ip.isPublic = function(addr) {
  return !ip.isPrivate(addr);
};

ip.isLoopback = function(addr) {
  return /^(::f{4}:)?127\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})\.([0-9]{1,3})/
      .test(addr) ||
    /^fe80::1$/.test(addr) ||
    /^::1$/.test(addr) ||
    /^::$/.test(addr);
};

ip.loopback = function(family) {
  //
  // Default to `ipv4`
  //
  family = _normalizeFamily(family);

  if (family !== 'ipv4' && family !== 'ipv6') {
    throw new Error('family must be ipv4 or ipv6');
  }

  return family === 'ipv4' ? '127.0.0.1' : 'fe80::1';
};

//
// ### function address (name, family)
// #### @name {string|'public'|'private'} **Optional** Name or security
//      of the network interface.
// #### @family {ipv4|ipv6} **Optional** IP family of the address (defaults
//      to ipv4).
//
// Returns the address for the network interface on the current system with
// the specified `name`:
//   * String: First `family` address of the interface.
//             If not found see `undefined`.
//   * 'public': the first public ip address of family.
//   * 'private': the first private ip address of family.
//   * undefined: First address with `ipv4` or loopback address `127.0.0.1`.
//
ip.address = function(name, family) {
  var interfaces = os.networkInterfaces();
  var all;

  //
  // Default to `ipv4`
  //
  family = _normalizeFamily(family);

  //
  // If a specific network interface has been named,
  // return the address.
  //
  if (name && name !== 'private' && name !== 'public') {
    var res = interfaces[name].filter(function(details) {
      var itemFamily = details.family.toLowerCase();
      return itemFamily === family;
    });
    if (res.length === 0)
      return undefined;
    return res[0].address;
  }

  var all = Object.keys(interfaces).map(function (nic) {
    //
    // Note: name will only be `public` or `private`
    // when this is called.
    //
    var addresses = interfaces[nic].filter(function (details) {
      details.family = details.family.toLowerCase();
      if (details.family !== family || ip.isLoopback(details.address)) {
        return false;
      } else if (!name) {
        return true;
      }

      return name === 'public' ? ip.isPrivate(details.address) :
          ip.isPublic(details.address);
    });

    return addresses.length ? addresses[0].address : undefined;
  }).filter(Boolean);

  return !all.length ? ip.loopback(family) : all[0];
};

ip.toLong = function(ip) {
  var ipl = 0;
  ip.split('.').forEach(function(octet) {
    ipl <<= 8;
    ipl += parseInt(octet);
  });
  return(ipl >>> 0);
};

ip.fromLong = function(ipl) {
  return ((ipl >>> 24) + '.' +
      (ipl >> 16 & 255) + '.' +
      (ipl >> 8 & 255) + '.' +
      (ipl & 255) );
};