D7net
Home
Console
Upload
information
Create File
Create Folder
About
Tools
:
/
opt
/
alt
/
alt-nodejs12
/
root
/
lib
/
node_modules
/
npm
/
docs
/
public
/
cli-commands
/
npm
/
Filename :
index.html
back
Copy
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><script>"use strict";!function(){var i=(window.location.pathname.match(/^(\/(?:ipfs|ipns)\/[^/]+)/)||[])[1]||"";window.__GATSBY_IPFS_PATH_PREFIX__=i}();</script><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"/><style data-href="../../styles.e93b5499b63484750fba.css">code[class*=language-],pre[class*=language-]{color:#ccc;background:none;font-family:Consolas,Monaco,Andale Mono,Ubuntu Mono,monospace;font-size:1em;text-align:left;white-space:pre;word-spacing:normal;word-break:normal;word-wrap:normal;line-height:1.5;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;-webkit-hyphens:none;-ms-hyphens:none;hyphens:none}pre[class*=language-]{padding:1em;margin:.5em 0;overflow:auto}:not(pre)>code[class*=language-],pre[class*=language-]{background:#2d2d2d}:not(pre)>code[class*=language-]{padding:.1em;border-radius:.3em;white-space:normal}.token.block-comment,.token.cdata,.token.comment,.token.doctype,.token.prolog{color:#999}.token.punctuation{color:#ccc}.token.attr-name,.token.deleted,.token.namespace,.token.tag{color:#e2777a}.token.function-name{color:#6196cc}.token.boolean,.token.function,.token.number{color:#f08d49}.token.class-name,.token.constant,.token.property,.token.symbol{color:#f8c555}.token.atrule,.token.builtin,.token.important,.token.keyword,.token.selector{color:#cc99cd}.token.attr-value,.token.char,.token.regex,.token.string,.token.variable{color:#7ec699}.token.entity,.token.operator,.token.url{color:#67cdcc}.token.bold,.token.important{font-weight:700}.token.italic{font-style:italic}.token.entity{cursor:help}.token.inserted{color:green}a,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,em,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,object,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;font:inherit;vertical-align:baseline}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,section{display:block}body{line-height:1}ol,ul{list-style:none}blockquote,q{quotes:none}blockquote:after,blockquote:before,q:after,q:before{content:"";content:none}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}[hidden]{display:none}html{font-family:Poppins,sans-serif}*{box-sizing:border-box}li,p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;font-weight:300}p,ul{padding:10px 0}strong{font-weight:700;color:#c3f}li{list-style-type:disc;list-style-position:inside;padding:8px 0}.documentation h1{font-size:42px;font-weight:600;padding:30px 0 10px}.documentation h2{font-size:22px;font-weight:300}.documentation h3{color:#c3f;font-size:22px;padding:30px 0 5px;font-weight:500}.documentation h4{font-weight:600;padding:20px 0 5px}.documentation p{display:inline-block}:not(pre)>code[class*=language-],pre[class*=language-]{border-radius:4px;background-color:#413844;font-size:13px}:not(pre)>code[class*=language-text]{background-color:rgba(204,139,216,.1);color:#413844;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:0;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;border-radius:1px;display:inline-block}.documentation a,a>code[class*=language-text]{color:#fb3b49;font-weight:600}p>code[class*=language-text]{display:inline-block}.documentation h1:before{content:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' viewBox='0 0 27 26'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3ClinearGradient id='a' x1='18.13' x2='25.6' y1='13.48' y2='13.48' gradientUnits='userSpaceOnUse'%3E%3Cstop offset='0' stop-color='%23fb8817'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.37' stop-color='%23fb8719'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.51' stop-color='%23fa8420'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.61' stop-color='%23f9802c'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.69' stop-color='%23f7793d'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.76' stop-color='%23f47053'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.82' stop-color='%23f1656e'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.87' stop-color='%23ed578f'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.92' stop-color='%23e948b5'/%3E%3Cstop offset='.97' stop-color='%23e437de'/%3E%3Cstop offset='1' stop-color='%23e02aff'/%3E%3C/linearGradient%3E%3ClinearGradient id='b' x1='17.89' x2='25.84' y1='13.48' y2='13.48' gradientUnits='userSpaceOnUse'%3E%3Cstop offset='0' stop-color='%23fb8817'/%3E%3Cstop offset='1' stop-color='%23e02aff'/%3E%3C/linearGradient%3E%3ClinearGradient id='c' x1='1' x2='18.69' y1='17.84' y2='17.84' xlink:href='%23a'/%3E%3ClinearGradient id='d' x1='.76' x2='18.93' y1='17.84' y2='17.84' xlink:href='%23b'/%3E%3ClinearGradient id='e' x1='1' x2='20.48' y1='7.33' y2='7.33' xlink:href='%23a'/%3E%3ClinearGradient id='f' x1='.76' x2='20.72' y1='7.33' y2='7.33' xlink:href='%23b'/%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cpath fill='url(%23a)' stroke='url(%23b)' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='.48' d='M18.53 24.24a.28.28 0 01-.34-.41L25 14.06l-5-11a.28.28 0 11.5-.23L25.58 14a.28.28 0 010 .28l-6.91 9.9a.28.28 0 01-.14.06z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='url(%23c)' stroke='url(%23d)' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='.48' d='M18.53 24.24a.28.28 0 01-.14 0l-12-1.15a.28.28 0 01-.23-.09L1 11.81a.28.28 0 11.5-.23l5.07 11L18 23.68 13 13a.28.28 0 11.5-.23l5.12 11.12a.28.28 0 01-.09.35z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='url(%23e)' stroke='url(%23f)' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='.48' d='M13.4 13.12a.25.25 0 01-.14 0L1.25 12a.28.28 0 01-.2-.44L8 1.64a.28.28 0 01.25-.12l12 1.18a.28.28 0 01.2.44L13.51 13a.25.25 0 01-.11.12z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");position:relative;display:inline-block;padding-right:8px;top:3px;width:28px}.active-sidebar-link{background-color:#ffebff}.active-navbar-link{border-bottom:3px solid #c3f}.header-link-class{margin-left:-24px}.disabled-body{overflow:hidden}</style><meta name="generator" content="Gatsby 2.18.18"/><title data-react-helmet="true"></title><style data-styled="UihHA jAtLxz bCnUTx bAGJfc hJcdbU kOyZtC eCQAUi fsnHHg bXQeSB dsecBh iPgskl bNiGAM gJQTGP fMOzaj" data-styled-version="4.4.1"> /* sc-component-id: links__NavLink-sc-19vgq0o-1 */ .kOyZtC{font-weight:500;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-letter-spacing:.3px;-moz-letter-spacing:.3px;-ms-letter-spacing:.3px;letter-spacing:.3px;font-size:14px;color:#231f20;-webkit-transition:opacity .5s;transition:opacity .5s;margin:0 10px;} .kOyZtC:hover{opacity:.5;} /* sc-component-id: links__BasicNavLink-sc-19vgq0o-2 */ .eCQAUi{font-weight:500;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-letter-spacing:.3px;-moz-letter-spacing:.3px;-ms-letter-spacing:.3px;letter-spacing:.3px;font-size:14px;color:#231f20;-webkit-transition:opacity .5s;transition:opacity .5s;margin:0 10px;} .eCQAUi:hover{opacity:.5;} /* sc-component-id: links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 */ .iPgskl{font-weight:500;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;-webkit-letter-spacing:.3px;-moz-letter-spacing:.3px;-ms-letter-spacing:.3px;letter-spacing:.3px;font-size:14px;color:#fb3b49;padding:10px;-webkit-transition:background-color .3s;transition:background-color .3s;} .iPgskl:hover{background-color:#ffebff;} /* sc-component-id: Accordion__SectionButton-i8yhwx-0 */ .dsecBh{outline:none;background-color:transparent;cursor:pointer;color:red;border:none;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold;padding:5px 0;-webkit-transition:opacity .5s;transition:opacity .5s;} .dsecBh:after{background:center / contain no-repeat url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyBpZD0iTGF5ZXJfMSIgZGF0YS1uYW1lPSJMYXllciAxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAxNi41IDEwIj48ZGVmcz48c3R5bGU+LmNscy0xe2ZpbGw6I2ZiM2I0OTt9PC9zdHlsZT48L2RlZnM+PHRpdGxlPnVwLWNhcnJvdDwvdGl0bGU+PHBhdGggY2xhc3M9ImNscy0xIiBkPSJNOC4yNS44NWExLjE1LDEuMTUsMCwwLDAtLjgxLjM0bC02LDZBMS4xNSwxLjE1LDAsMCwwLDMuMDYsOC44MUw4LjI1LDMuNjNsNS4xOSw1LjE5YTEuMTUsMS4xNSwwLDAsMCwxLjYzLTEuNjNsLTYtNkExLjE1LDEuMTUsMCwwLDAsOC4yNS44NVoiLz48L3N2Zz4=);content:'';height:11px;width:28px;display:inline-block;} .dsecBh:hover{opacity:.6;} /* sc-component-id: DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 */ .bNiGAM{font-size:11px;line-height:1.5;text-transform:lowercase;display:block;font-weight:400;color:#767676;} /* sc-component-id: Sidebar__Container-gs0c67-0 */ .bXQeSB{border-right:1px solid #86838333;padding:30px;height:100vh;display:none;width:380px;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;overflow:scroll;padding-bottom:200px;top:54px;background-color:#ffffff;} @media screen and (min-width:48em){.bXQeSB{display:block;}} /* sc-component-id: navbar__Container-kjuegf-0 */ .UihHA{width:100%;border-bottom:1px solid #86838333;position:-webkit-sticky;position:sticky;top:0;background-color:#ffffff;z-index:1;} /* sc-component-id: navbar__Inner-kjuegf-1 */ .jAtLxz{border-top:3px solid;border-image:linear-gradient(139deg,#fb8817,#ff4b01,#c12127,#e02aff) 3;margin:auto;height:53px;padding:0 30px;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:100%;} /* sc-component-id: navbar__Logo-kjuegf-2 */ .bAGJfc{width:120px;padding:0px 5px;height:18px;vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block;-webkit-transition:opacity .5s;transition:opacity .5s;} .bAGJfc:hover{opacity:.8;} /* sc-component-id: navbar__Links-kjuegf-3 */ .hJcdbU{display:none;} @media screen and (min-width:48em){.hJcdbU{display:block;margin-left:auto;}} /* sc-component-id: navbar__Heart-kjuegf-4 */ .bCnUTx{font-size:15px;display:inline-block;} /* sc-component-id: navbar__Hamburger-kjuegf-5 */ .fsnHHg{border:none;background:center no-repeat url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);height:30px;width:30px;display:block;margin-left:auto;-webkit-transition:opacity .5s;transition:opacity .5s;cursor:pointer;} .fsnHHg:hover{opacity:.6;} @media screen and (min-width:48em){.fsnHHg{display:none;}} /* sc-component-id: FoundTypo__Container-sc-1e373sc-0 */ .fMOzaj{margin:80px 0;border-top:1px solid black;padding:20px 0;} /* sc-component-id: Page__Content-sc-4b62ym-0 */ .gJQTGP{max-width:760px;margin:auto;padding:0 30px 120px;}</style><link rel="icon" href="../../icons/icon-48x48.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link rel="manifest" href="../../manifest.webmanifest"/><meta name="theme-color" content="#663399"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="48x48" href="../../icons/icon-48x48.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="../../icons/icon-72x72.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="96x96" href="../../icons/icon-96x96.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="../../icons/icon-144x144.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="192x192" href="../../icons/icon-192x192.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="256x256" href="../../icons/icon-256x256.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="384x384" href="../../icons/icon-384x384.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="512x512" href="../../icons/icon-512x512.png?v=7a2e468321d0881d02a038e839dfc4a3"/><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Poppins|Inconsolata" rel="stylesheet"/><style type="text/css"> .header-link-class.before { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; transform: translateX(-100%); padding-right: 4px; } .header-link-class.after { display: inline-block; padding-left: 4px; } h1 .header-link-class svg, h2 .header-link-class svg, h3 .header-link-class svg, h4 .header-link-class svg, h5 .header-link-class svg, h6 .header-link-class svg { visibility: hidden; } h1:hover .header-link-class svg, h2:hover .header-link-class svg, h3:hover .header-link-class svg, h4:hover .header-link-class svg, h5:hover .header-link-class svg, h6:hover .header-link-class svg, h1 .header-link-class:focus svg, h2 .header-link-class:focus svg, h3 .header-link-class:focus svg, h4 .header-link-class:focus svg, h5 .header-link-class:focus svg, h6 .header-link-class:focus svg { visibility: visible; } </style><script> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { var hash = window.decodeURI(location.hash.replace('#', '')) if (hash !== '') { var element = document.getElementById(hash) if (element) { var offset = element.offsetTop // Wait for the browser to finish rendering before scrolling. setTimeout((function() { window.scrollTo(0, offset - 100) }), 0) } } }) </script><link as="script" rel="preload" href="../../component---src-templates-page-js-dc0ee5cde3a4fc85c7ad.js"/><link as="script" rel="preload" href="../../app-f19f1d7f30af98d21899.js"/><link as="script" rel="preload" href="../../commons-4df35f6dbd2fdc25d817.js"/><link as="script" rel="preload" href="../../styles-de5e304580bcba768a01.js"/><link as="script" rel="preload" href="../../webpack-runtime-b8cb105e4470e8b9a5eb.js"/><link as="fetch" rel="preload" href="../../page-data/cli-commands/npm/page-data.json" crossorigin="anonymous"/></head><body><div id="___gatsby"><div style="outline:none" tabindex="-1" role="group" id="gatsby-focus-wrapper"><style data-emotion-css="4cffwv">.css-4cffwv{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="navbar__Container-kjuegf-0 UihHA css-4cffwv"><div class="navbar__Inner-kjuegf-1 jAtLxz css-4cffwv"><a href="../../"><style data-emotion-css="26z63x">.css-26z63x{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;margin-left:4px;margin-right:24px;}</style><div class="navbar__Heart-kjuegf-4 bCnUTx css-26z63x">❤</div><style data-emotion-css="9taffg">.css-9taffg{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;max-width:100%;height:auto;}</style><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" class="navbar__Logo-kjuegf-2 bAGJfc css-9taffg"/></a><ul class="navbar__Links-kjuegf-3 hJcdbU"><a class="links__NavLink-sc-19vgq0o-1 kOyZtC" href="../../cli-commands/npm/index.html">docs</a><a href="https://www.npmjs.com/" class="links__BasicNavLink-sc-19vgq0o-2 eCQAUi">npmjs.org</a></ul><button class="navbar__Hamburger-kjuegf-5 fsnHHg"></button></div></div><style data-emotion-css="4cffwv">.css-4cffwv{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-4cffwv"><nav class="Sidebar__Container-gs0c67-0 bXQeSB sidebar"><div><button class="Accordion__SectionButton-i8yhwx-0 dsecBh">cli-commands</button><div><style data-emotion-css="l3rx45">.css-l3rx45{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}</style><div class="css-l3rx45"><a aria-current="page" class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl active-sidebar-link" href="../../cli-commands/npm">npm<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">javascript package manager</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-access">npm access<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Set access level on published packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-audit">npm audit<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Run a security audit</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-bin">npm bin<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Display npm bin folder</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-bugs">npm bugs<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Bugs for a package in a web browser maybe</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-build">npm build<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Build a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-bundle">npm bundle<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">REMOVED</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-cache">npm cache<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manipulates packages cache</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-ci">npm ci<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Install a project with a clean slate</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-completion">npm completion<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Tab Completion for npm</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-config">npm config<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manage the npm configuration files</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-dedupe">npm dedupe<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Reduce duplication</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-deprecate">npm deprecate<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Deprecate a version of a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-docs">npm docs<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Docs for a package in a web browser maybe</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-doctor">npm doctor<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Check your environments</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-edit">npm edit<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Edit an installed package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-fund">npm fund<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Retrieve funding information</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-help">npm help<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Get help on npm</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-help-search">npm help-search<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Search npm help documentation</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-hook">npm hook<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manage registry hooks</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-init">npm init<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">create a package.json file</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-install">npm install<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Install a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-install-ci-test">npm install-ci-test<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Install a project with a clean slate and run tests</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-install-test">npm install-test<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Install package(s) and run tests</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-link">npm link<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Symlink a package folder</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-logout">npm logout<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Log out of the registry</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-ls">npm ls<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">List installed packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-org">npm org<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manage orgs</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-outdated">npm outdated<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Check for outdated packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-owner">npm owner<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manage package owners</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-pack">npm pack<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Create a tarball from a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-ping">npm ping<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Ping npm registry</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-prefix">npm prefix<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Display prefix</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-profile">npm profile<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Change settings on your registry profile</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-prune">npm prune<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Remove extraneous packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-publish">npm publish<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Publish a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-rebuild">npm rebuild<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Rebuild a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-repo">npm repo<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Open package repository page in the browser</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-restart">npm restart<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Restart a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-root">npm root<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Display npm root</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-run-script">npm run-script<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Run arbitrary package scripts</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-search">npm search<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Search for packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-shrinkwrap">npm shrinkwrap<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Lock down dependency versions for publication</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-star">npm star<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Mark your favorite packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-stars">npm stars<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">View packages marked as favorites</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-start">npm start<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Start a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-stop">npm stop<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Stop a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-team">npm team<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manage organization teams and team memberships</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-test">npm test<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Test a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-token">npm token<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Manage your authentication tokens</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-uninstall">npm uninstall<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Remove a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-unpublish">npm unpublish<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Remove a package from the registry</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-update">npm update<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Update a package</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-version">npm version<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Bump a package version</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-view">npm view<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">View registry info</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../cli-commands/npm-whoami">npm whoami<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Display npm username</span></a></div></div></div><div><button class="Accordion__SectionButton-i8yhwx-0 dsecBh">configuring-npm</button><div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../configuring-npm/folders">folders<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Folder Structures Used by npm</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../configuring-npm/install">install<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Download and install node and npm</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../configuring-npm/npmrc">npmrc<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">The npm config files</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../configuring-npm/package-lock-json">package-lock.json<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">A manifestation of the manifest</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../configuring-npm/package-locks">package-locks<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">An explanation of npm lockfiles</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../configuring-npm/package-json">package.json<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Specifics of npm's package.json handling</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../configuring-npm/shrinkwrap-json">shrinkwrap.json<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">A publishable lockfile</span></a></div></div></div><div><button class="Accordion__SectionButton-i8yhwx-0 dsecBh">using-npm</button><div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/config">config<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">More than you probably want to know about npm configuration</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/developers">developers<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Developer Guide</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/disputes">disputes<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Handling Module Name Disputes</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/orgs">orgs<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Working with Teams & Orgs</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/registry">registry<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">The JavaScript Package Registry</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/removal">removal<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Cleaning the Slate</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/scope">scope<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">Scoped packages</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/scripts">scripts<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">How npm handles the "scripts" field</span></a></div><div class="css-l3rx45"><a class="links__SidebarLink-sc-19vgq0o-3 iPgskl" href="../../using-npm/semver">semver<span class="DocLinks__LinkDesc-sc-1vrw6od-0 bNiGAM">The semantic versioner for npm</span></a></div></div></div></nav><style data-emotion-css="16vu25q">.css-16vu25q{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;min-width:0;width:100%;}</style><div class="css-16vu25q"><div class="Page__Content-sc-4b62ym-0 gJQTGP documentation"><div><h1 id="npm1" style="position:relative;"><a href="#npm1" aria-label="npm1 permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>npm</h1> <h2 id="javascript-package-manager" style="position:relative;"><a href="#javascript-package-manager" aria-label="javascript package manager permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>javascript package manager</h2> <h3 id="synopsis" style="position:relative;"><a href="#synopsis" aria-label="synopsis permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Synopsis</h3> <div class="gatsby-highlight" data-language="bash"><pre class="language-bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>command<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>args<span class="token punctuation">]</span></code></pre></div> <h3 id="version" style="position:relative;"><a href="#version" aria-label="version permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Version</h3> <p>6.14.15</p> <h3 id="description" style="position:relative;"><a href="#description" aria-label="description permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Description</h3> <p>npm is the package manager for the Node JavaScript platform. It puts modules in place so that node can find them, and manages dependency conflicts intelligently.</p> <p>It is extremely configurable to support a wide variety of use cases. Most commonly, it is used to publish, discover, install, and develop node programs.</p> <p>Run <code class="language-text">npm help</code> to get a list of available commands.</p> <h3 id="important" style="position:relative;"><a href="#important" aria-label="important permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Important</h3> <p>npm is configured to use npm, Inc.'s public registry at <a href="https://registry.npmjs.org">https://registry.npmjs.org</a> by default. Use of the npm public registry is subject to terms of use available at <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/policies/terms">https://www.npmjs.com/policies/terms</a>.</p> <p>You can configure npm to use any compatible registry you like, and even run your own registry. Use of someone else's registry may be governed by their terms of use.</p> <h3 id="introduction" style="position:relative;"><a href="#introduction" aria-label="introduction permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Introduction</h3> <p>You probably got npm because you want to install stuff.</p> <p>Use <code class="language-text">npm install blerg</code> to install the latest version of "blerg". Check out <a href="../../cli-commands/npm-install"><code class="language-text">npm install</code></a> for more info. It can do a lot of stuff.</p> <p>Use the <code class="language-text">npm search</code> command to show everything that's available. Use <code class="language-text">npm ls</code> to show everything you've installed.</p> <h3 id="dependencies" style="position:relative;"><a href="#dependencies" aria-label="dependencies permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Dependencies</h3> <p>If a package references to another package with a git URL, npm depends on a preinstalled git.</p> <p>If one of the packages npm tries to install is a native node module and requires compiling of C++ Code, npm will use <a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp">node-gyp</a> for that task. For a Unix system, <a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp">node-gyp</a> needs Python, make and a buildchain like GCC. On Windows, Python and Microsoft Visual Studio C++ are needed. For more information visit <a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp">the node-gyp repository</a> and the <a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp/wiki">node-gyp Wiki</a>.</p> <h3 id="directories" style="position:relative;"><a href="#directories" aria-label="directories permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Directories</h3> <p>See <a href="../../configuring-npm/folders"><code class="language-text">folders</code></a> to learn about where npm puts stuff.</p> <p>In particular, npm has two modes of operation:</p> <ul> <li>global mode: npm installs packages into the install prefix at <code class="language-text">prefix/lib/node_modules</code> and bins are installed in <code class="language-text">prefix/bin</code>.</li> <li>local mode: npm installs packages into the current project directory, which defaults to the current working directory. Packages are installed to <code class="language-text">./node_modules</code>, and bins are installed to <code class="language-text">./node_modules/.bin</code>.</li> </ul> <p>Local mode is the default. Use <code class="language-text">-g</code> or <code class="language-text">--global</code> on any command to operate in global mode instead.</p> <h3 id="developer-usage" style="position:relative;"><a href="#developer-usage" aria-label="developer usage permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Developer Usage</h3> <p>If you're using npm to develop and publish your code, check out the following help topics:</p> <ul> <li>json: Make a package.json file. See <a href="../../configuring-npm/package.json"><code class="language-text">package.json</code></a>.</li> <li>link: For linking your current working code into Node's path, so that you don't have to reinstall every time you make a change. Use <code class="language-text">npm link</code> to do this.</li> <li>install: It's a good idea to install things if you don't need the symbolic link. Especially, installing other peoples code from the registry is done via <code class="language-text">npm install</code></li> <li>adduser: Create an account or log in. Credentials are stored in the user config file.</li> <li>publish: Use the <code class="language-text">npm publish</code> command to upload your code to the registry.</li> </ul> <h4 id="configuration" style="position:relative;"><a href="#configuration" aria-label="configuration permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Configuration</h4> <p>npm is extremely configurable. It reads its configuration options from 5 places.</p> <ul> <li>Command line switches: Set a config with <code class="language-text">--key val</code>. All keys take a value, even if they are booleans (the config parser doesn't know what the options are at the time of parsing). If no value is provided, then the option is set to boolean <code class="language-text">true</code>.</li> <li>Environment Variables: Set any config by prefixing the name in an environment variable with <code class="language-text">npm_config_</code>. For example, <code class="language-text">export npm_config_key=val</code>.</li> <li>User Configs: The file at $HOME/.npmrc is an ini-formatted list of configs. If present, it is parsed. If the <code class="language-text">userconfig</code> option is set in the cli or env, then that will be used instead.</li> <li>Global Configs: The file found at ../etc/npmrc (from the node executable, by default this resolves to /usr/local/etc/npmrc) will be parsed if it is found. If the <code class="language-text">globalconfig</code> option is set in the cli, env, or user config, then that file is parsed instead.</li> <li>Defaults: npm's default configuration options are defined in lib/utils/config-defs.js. These must not be changed.</li> </ul> <p>See <a href="../../using-npm/config"><code class="language-text">config</code></a> for much much more information.</p> <h3 id="contributions" style="position:relative;"><a href="#contributions" aria-label="contributions permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Contributions</h3> <p>Patches welcome!</p> <p>If you would like to contribute, but don't know what to work on, read the contributing guidelines and check the issues list.</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/blob/latest/CONTRIBUTING.md">CONTRIBUTING.md</a></li> <li><a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/issues">Bug tracker</a></li> </ul> <h3 id="bugs" style="position:relative;"><a href="#bugs" aria-label="bugs permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Bugs</h3> <p>When you find issues, please report them:</p> <ul> <li>web: <a href="https://npm.community/c/bugs">https://npm.community/c/bugs</a></li> </ul> <p>Be sure to follow the template and bug reporting guidelines. You can also ask for help in the <a href="https://npm.community/c/support">support forum</a> if you're unsure if it's actually a bug or are having trouble coming up with a detailed reproduction to report.</p> <h3 id="author" style="position:relative;"><a href="#author" aria-label="author permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>Author</h3> <p><a href="http://blog.izs.me/">Isaac Z. Schlueter</a> :: <a href="https://github.com/isaacs/">isaacs</a> :: <a href="https://twitter.com/izs">@izs</a> :: <a href="mailto:i@izs.me">i@izs.me</a></p> <h3 id="see-also" style="position:relative;"><a href="#see-also" aria-label="see also permalink" class="header-link-class before"><svg aria-hidden="true" height="20" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 9h1v1H4c-1.5 0-3-1.69-3-3.5S2.55 3 4 3h4c1.45 0 3 1.69 3 3.5 0 1.41-.91 2.72-2 3.25V8.59c.58-.45 1-1.27 1-2.09C10 5.22 8.98 4 8 4H4c-.98 0-2 1.22-2 2.5S3 9 4 9zm9-3h-1v1h1c1 0 2 1.22 2 2.5S13.98 12 13 12H9c-.98 0-2-1.22-2-2.5 0-.83.42-1.64 1-2.09V6.25c-1.09.53-2 1.84-2 3.25C6 11.31 7.55 13 9 13h4c1.45 0 3-1.69 3-3.5S14.5 6 13 6z"></path></svg></a>See Also</h3> <ul> <li><a href="../../cli-commands/npm-help">npm help</a></li> <li><a href="../../configuring-npm/package-json">package.json</a></li> <li><a href="../../cli-commands/npm-install">npm install</a></li> <li><a href="../../cli-commands/npm-config">npm config</a></li> <li><a href="../../configuring-npm/npmrc">npmrc</a></li> </ul></div><div class="FoundTypo__Container-sc-1e373sc-0 fMOzaj"><p><span role="img" aria-label="eyes-emoji">👀</span> Found a typo? <a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/">Let us know!</a></p><p>The current stable version of npm is <a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/">here</a>. To upgrade, run: <code class="language-text">npm install npm@latest -g</code></p><p>To report bugs or submit feature requests for the docs, please post <a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/issues">here</a>. Submit npm issues <a href="https://github.com/npm/cli/issues">here.</a></p></div><script> var anchors = document.querySelectorAll(".sidebar a, .documentation a") Array.prototype.slice.call(anchors).map(function(el) { if (el.href.match(/file:\/\//)) { el.href = el.href + "/index.html" } }) </script></div></div></div></div></div><script id="gatsby-script-loader">/*<![CDATA[*/window.pagePath="/cli-commands/npm";/*]]>*/</script><script id="gatsby-chunk-mapping">/*<![CDATA[*/window.___chunkMapping={"app":["/app-f19f1d7f30af98d21899.js"],"component---src-templates-page-js":["/component---src-templates-page-js-dc0ee5cde3a4fc85c7ad.js"],"component---src-pages-404-js":["/component---src-pages-404-js-6c8c4e2e908a7101a231.js"],"component---src-pages-index-js":["/component---src-pages-index-js-6b93f80c513be8d7330c.js"]};/*]]>*/</script><script src="../../webpack-runtime-b8cb105e4470e8b9a5eb.js" async=""></script><script src="../../styles-de5e304580bcba768a01.js" async=""></script><script src="../../commons-4df35f6dbd2fdc25d817.js" async=""></script><script src="../../app-f19f1d7f30af98d21899.js" async=""></script><script src="../../component---src-templates-page-js-dc0ee5cde3a4fc85c7ad.js" async=""></script></body></html>